IP Addressing Structure:
IPv4 Address = 32 bit # written as dotted decimals
Always paired with a 32 bit mask
Computers evaluate &
E.G. 10101000 <- high-order that side, -> low order this side.
Network = group of hosts with identical network addresses.
Some portion of the low-order bits = host address.
From our 32 bits, the # of bits used in the host portion determines how many hosts we can have in our network.
E.G. if 200 hosts in our network. We need enough bits in the host portion to make 200+ numbers
2^7 = 128, 2^8 = 256, therefore 8 bits minimum are required to get 200+ hosts.
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Tags: vlan, cisco, switch, ip, router, wan
OSI Transport Layer:
Transport Layer
Accepts data from Application layer and prepares it for layer 3;
Responsible for end to end transfer of data.
Enables multiple applications to communicate simultaneously.
Ensures data received reliably and in order.
Employs error handling mechanisms.
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Tags: cisco, 802.1q, guides, router, vlan, ip
Application – Interface Between Human and Data
Applications generate most network traffic.
Application layer:
Provides the interface between Applications and underlying networks;
Contain many different protocols:
TCP/IP
Predates the OSI model;
Application layer equal to the top 3 layers of OSI Layers;
Implements little functionality at Pressentation and Session layers.
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Tags: ip, cisco, router, study, wan, vtp
Communicating over the Network.
Local Area Network (LAN)
A LAN is a network confined to a relatively small space. (still like an island but a little bigger);
Lan’s are a single enterprise that is locally administered.
Problem faced with a LAN – How to share information in different geographic areas.
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Tags: wan, cisco, 802.1q, ip, switch, router
